Biotechnology is the use of microorganisms and utilization of biological systems or processes to convert organic materials into food, medicine, industrial chemicals and a variety of other products.
Molecular biology is the study of organisms at the molecular level. It deals with identification of the structure and composition of DNA molecules.
Technology is the application of science to serve the needs of people. Investigations conducted are meant to apply science principles to make living more convenient.
Technological Breakthrough:
- rapid composting method using microorganism called Trichoderma harzianum
- Biogas which is a fuel produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms.
- increased production of fruits like mangoes through flower induction using potassium nitrate
- tissue culture which increased the production of some plants like macapuno, orchids and forest trees
- selective breeding and hybridization to increase growth rate and improve resistance and tolerance to a variety of diseases
Biotechnology Application:
- Health and medicine
v Aided medical research in finding new and more effective cures for serious diseases and developing diagnostic tools to detect diseases in their early stages.
v Studies deal with preparation of drugs from crude plant materials and from semi-pure and pure plant constituents.
Examples:
Lagundi – remedy for fever sambong – for cough
Tsaang gubat- antidiarrhea Yerba Buena – pain reliever
Malunggay – increase milk secretion for lactating mothers
- Food
v Lactobacillus delbruechii – hasten the fermentation of soy sauce
v Mongo is a good substitutes of soybeans in soysauce
v Protease, a product of fungal species Aspergillus oryzae, helps accelerate the aging time of bagoong and patis.
v Acetobacter aceti sp. xylinum is a bacteria used in nata-making
v Pineapple juice and rice washings can also be substitutes in nata-making
- Dairy Products
Lactobacillus acidophilus is used in the production of sour milk and cottage cheese
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